On Greeley Haven NASA Learn Interior Of Mars

NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity 

used its navigation camera to capture this view 

of a northward-facing outcrop, "Greeley Haven," 

where the rover will work during its fifth Martian winter.

(NASA)

Because learning more about the interior of Mars is very important, NASA puts NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity at a site informally named "Greeley Haven" until a few months ahead.

The name "Greeley Haven" is taken from the name of a planetary geologist Ronald Greeley (1939-2011), who was a member of the science team for the Mars rovers and many other interplanetary missions. Greeley taught generations of planetary scientists at Arizona State University, Tempe, until his death two months ago.

The site is an outcrop that provides a sun-facing slope to aid in maintaining adequate solar power during the rover's fifth Martian winter. It also provides targets of scientific interest for the rover's robotic arm to examine.

During the previous winter, Opportunity did not always stay on a sun-facing slope. This is very different from its twin, Spirit. Unfortunately, a thick layer of dust from the previous winter had closed the solar panels of Opportunity. The only hope for cleaning the solar panels of Opportunity is the wind that will come in the weeks ahead. Perhaps, this is a forgotten issue considered by NASA. If it does not happen, then NASA will use the strategy employed for three winter with Spirit: staying on a sun-facing slope. For several months of shortened daylight before and after the southern Mars winter solstice on March 30, 2012, the sun will pass relatively low in the northern sky from the rover's perspective, and Opportunity will work on the north-facing slope.

Plans for research at Greeley Haven include a radio-science investigation of the interior of Mars, which began this week; inspections of mineral compositions and textures on the outcrop; and recording a full-circle, color panorama: the Greeley Panorama.

The radio-science investigation studies tiny wobbles in the rotation of Mars to gain insight about the planet's core. It requires many weeks of radio-tracking the motion of a point on the surface of Mars to measure changes in the spin axis of the planet.

The winter worksite sits on the "Cape York" segment of the rim of Endeavour Crater. Opportunity reached the edge of this 14-mile-wide (22-kilometer-wide) crater five months ago after three years of driving from smaller Victoria Crater, which it studied for two years.

Opportunity and Spirit completed their three-month prime missions in April 2004 and continued for years of bonus, extended missions. Both rovers have made important discoveries about wet environments on ancient Mars that may have been favorable for supporting microbial life. Spirit ended communications in March 2010 as its energy declined after losing the use of two of its six wheels, which prevented it from being able to gain a sun-facing tilt for its fourth Martian winter.

Source: NASA